In recent years, the United Kingdom and Ireland have witnessed a significant surge in cannabis consumption, leading to a notable increase in legal marijuana users. Among the shared experiences of many cannabis consumers is the sensation of cottonmouth.

Despite its prevalence, the cause of cottonmouth remains misunderstood by some cannabis users. This article aims to provide a scientific insight into this phenomenon.

What exactly is cottonmouth?

Cottonmouth, colloquially known as dry mouth, is a common side effect associated with cannabis use. Symptoms typically include a parched mouth and persistent thirst.

While it was once believed that the harsh smoke from cannabis irritated delicate oral tissues, leading to cottonmouth, research suggests otherwise. In reality, cottonmouth arises as a natural response of the salivary glands in the mouth to the components of cannabis circulating in the bloodstream.

Dispelling Myths: Cottonmouth Across Consumption Methods Contrary to popular belief, cottonmouth can occur regardless of how cannabis is consumed—whether through ingestion, vaping, or combustion. This dispels the misconception that only certain methods lead to dry mouth.

In medical terminology, cottonmouth is referred to as xerostomia, characterized by a decrease in saliva production and commonly associated with cannabis use.

A common recommendation is to have beverages readily available when consuming marijuana, as the sensation of cottonmouth can quickly transition from the mouth to the throat.

Failure to address cottonmouth promptly may result in additional side effects such as halitosis and throat discomfort. It’s essential to address Cottonmouth promptly to mitigate these potential issues.

Here are 5 essential tips for first-time cannabis users

Unlocking the significance of saliva: Why do we produce it?

The composition of human saliva comprises 98% water and emanates from three pairs of glands: the parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands.

Saliva plays a pivotal role in our daily lives, serving multiple functions vital to oral health. Its primary purpose is to safeguard the mouth and maintain its lubrication.

This lubrication facilitates the smooth passage of food down the throat, preventing instances of choking and ensuring swift absorption of essential vitamins, nutrients, and minerals.

Imagine a throat devoid of saliva akin to a person attempting to slide down a dry water slide—it’s an uncomfortable scenario, to say the least. This analogy underscores the indispensable role of saliva in our oral well-being.

Among the trio of glands responsible for saliva production, the submandibular glands stand out as they contribute approximately 70% of the saliva present in the mouth, underscoring their paramount importance.

Unveiling the link between dry mouth and cannabis

Have you ever wondered why weed often induces a dry mouth sensation?

The answer lies within our endocannabinoid system (ECS), a complex network comprising naturally occurring cannabinoids such as anandamide, cannabinoid receptors, and enzymes.

The ECS plays a pivotal role in regulating various cognitive and physiological processes. In the context of dry mouth, the interplay between the parasympathetic nervous system and ECS takes center stage.

Here’s the breakdown:

The submandibular saliva glands, situated beneath the jawbone, are responsible for the majority of saliva production and harbor cannabinoid receptors. Upon cannabis consumption, cannabinoids within marijuana bind to these receptors.

This interaction disrupts the ECS’s ability to convey messages to the parasympathetic nervous system, hindering its ability to stimulate saliva production.

Fundamentally, the root cause of cottonmouth stems from the intricate interplay between cannabinoids and the ECS. THC, the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis, is believed to be the primary culprit behind cottonmouth, supported by existing research findings.

How does cannabis impact your performance while running?

The science behind cannabis-induced Cottonmouth

In 2006, a significant scientific breakthrough shed light on the connection between cottonmouth and cannabis. A study published in Experimental Biology and Medicine delved into the mechanisms behind cottonmouth, specifically examining the decrease in saliva production. The researchers hypothesized the presence of CB receptors in our salivary glands as the underlying cause.

The study, conducted on male rats, revealed the presence of CB1 and CB2 receptors in specific locations within the rats’ submandibular glands. The researchers observed that anandamide, a neurotransmitter, bound to these receptors, resulting in a reduction in saliva output.

Building on this discovery, a 2012 study delved deeper into the issue. It found that under normal conditions, saliva gland cells employ endocannabinoid signaling to regulate excessive saliva levels in the mouth. Upon consuming cannabinoids, there is a significant decrease in saliva production due to heightened activation of CB1 and CB2 receptors.

According to the study findings, CB1 receptors modulate saliva flow, while CB2 receptors influence its consistency and content, including sodium levels. Consequently, any substance that antagonizes CB receptors leads to increased saliva production.

The lead researcher tested two drugs—one targeting CB1 receptors and the other CB2 receptors—and demonstrated their ability to counteract the decreased saliva output induced by THC consumption.

In essence, this research indicates that THC, the psychoactive component of cannabis, likely diminishes saliva production in the mouth. This elucidates why cottonmouth can occur even with the consumption of cannabis edibles.

Weed and Cottonmouth: Understanding the risks

While cottonmouth is commonly viewed as a nuisance, its persistence could pose risks to oral health if overlooked. According to the American Dental Association (ADA), smoking cannabis, in general, is associated with periodontal complications and an elevated risk of neck and mouth cancers.

The ADA references various studies, including a notable one published in the Australian Dental Journal in 2005. The researchers highlighted that individuals who abuse marijuana typically exhibit poorer oral health compared to non-users, facing an increased susceptibility to periodontal diseases.

They further underscored that cannabis smoke serves as a carcinogen, contributing to pre-malignant lesions and dysplastic changes in the oral mucosa.

Moreover, a meta-analysis featured in the Journal of Periodontal Research established a correlation between cannabis use and a higher prevalence of periodontal disease among adults.

It’s crucial to recognize that saliva plays a pivotal role in maintaining oral health by lubricating the mouth, facilitating speech, taste, and swallowing, and safeguarding against bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. Consequently, the aforementioned oral health issues become more pronounced when saliva levels remain consistently low.

Exploring different varieties of hash

Additional effects of low saliva production

• Mouth Sores
• Cracked Lips
• Raw Tongue
• Sore Throat
• Hoarseness
• Split Skin in the Mouth

It’s important to note that smoking cannabis poses greater risks to oral health compared to consuming edibles. Smoking exposes the mouth to a plethora of chemicals and toxins present in the smoke, which permeate every surface of the oral cavity.

Moreover, a study featured in The Journal of the Tennessee Dental Association revealed a correlation between chronic marijuana use and gingival enlargement, also known as gingival hyperplasia.

This condition not only heightens the risk of gum disease but can also affect tooth alignment, underscoring the broader oral health implications associated with cannabis consumption.

Strategies to alleviate dry mouth when smoking weed

For individuals who indulge in cannabis regularly, maintaining hydration is paramount in managing Cottonmouth. The consistent interruption of saliva flow caused by regular marijuana consumption can lead to dehydration in the mouth and throat.

Once cottonmouth sets in, a single glass of water may not suffice; individuals may feel the need to consume several more. One effective approach to prevent this discomfort is to prioritize hydration before and after a cannabis session. Just as marijuana is a regular aspect of someone’s life, staying hydrated should be equally prioritized.

High – 1000mg THC strawberry spray

Here are some additional techniques to combat cottonmouth during marijuana use

Chewing: Chewing serves as a potent stimulant for saliva production, offering relief from dry mouth. A piece of chewing gum can effectively activate the salivary glands. For those averse to gum, dried fruit or beef jerky serve as viable alternatives to stimulate saliva production.

Additional Remedies for Cottonmouth Relief:

Mouthwash: Explore mouthwashes specifically formulated to address cottonmouth. Consider replacing your regular mouthwash with one designed to prevent and alleviate dryness.

Candy: Candy offers a swift solution for Cottonmouth. A small Jolly Rancher, for instance, can stimulate salivation without the need for water. Alternatively, there are specialized candies tailored to combat dry mouth, with Cotton Mouth Candy being a popular choice.

Crushed Ice: Chewing on crushed ice serves as an effective method to combat cottonmouth. Similar to water, it helps maintain moisture in the mouth, providing relief from dryness.

Milk: While not suitable for everyone due to its potential to induce mucus production, milk’s high fat content can effectively coat the throat and mouth, reducing dryness for some individuals.

Herbal Teas: In addition to dry mouth, smoking marijuana may lead to a sore and irritated throat. Herbal teas offer a soothing solution. Opt for teas containing ginger, known for its ability to stimulate saliva production—a finding supported by a study published in the Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products.

Additionally, consider incorporating other herbs renowned for their saliva-stimulating properties, such as:

• Nopal Cactus
• Spilanthes (as found in PureKana’s Pure Picks)
• Sweet Pepper
• Marshmallow Root
• Hollyhock Root
• Aloe Vera

Consider your medication regimen

Before indulging in marijuana consumption, it’s crucial for users to assess their current medication regimen. While dry mouth is a common occurrence with cannabis use, it’s worth noting that prescription and over-the-counter medications can also contribute to this sensation. According to a study published in Drugs in R&D, the following types of medications are known to increase the likelihood of dry mouth:

• Bronchodilators
• Antihistamines
• Hormone Medications
• Antihypertensives

It’s imperative not to abruptly discontinue prescribed medications without consulting a healthcare professional.

Closing thoughts on cannabis and Cottonmouth

Today, there exists a plethora of strategies and techniques to alleviate cottonmouth. From maintaining hydration to indulging in candy or ice, there are various approaches to mitigate the discomfort of dry mouth as it occurs.

While it may be an irritating side effect, the cottonmouth is generally manageable and not overly concerning in the broader context.

However, it’s important to recognize that while cottonmouth can manifest regardless of the method of cannabis consumption, consistent smoking of marijuana could lead to long-term oral damage.

 

Disclaimer: The information provided on this page is for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare professional before using any THC product.